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| Single Phase Power/Energy Metering IC with Tamper Detection SA2007M FEATURES + Provides direct interface to mechanical counters + Monitors Live and Neutral for tamper detection + Performs bidirectional energy measurement + Various setup modes selectable + Meets the IEC 521/1036 Specification for Class 1 AC Watt hour meters sames + + + + + Total power consumption rating below 30mW Adaptable to different types of sensors Operates over a wide temperature range Precision voltage reference on-chip Precision oscillator on chip DESCRIPTION The SAMES SA2007M is a single-phase bidirectional energy metering integrated circuit. It provides a mono-chip solution for energy meters with electro-mechanical displays, such as stepper motors and impulse counters. A precision oscillator, that replaces an external crystal is integrated on chip. Two current sensor inputs allow the measurement of energy consumption on both the live and neutral. Direction detection of energy flow as well as other common tamper conditions are flagged. The power consumption on both the live and neutral are continuously measured and the larger of the two is selected for energy metering. The SA2007M drives the calibration LED, the indicator LEDs and the electro-mechanical counter directly. The SA2007M integrated circuit is available in 20 pin dual-inline plastic (DIP-20) and small outline (SOIC-20) package types. VDD VSS IIN1 IIP1 ANALOG SIGNAL PROCESSING AND POWER CALCULATION POWER 1 (DIGITAL) ELT POWER 2 (DIGITAL) COMPARATOR SEL1 IIN2 IIP2 IVP GND DIRO VOLTAGE REF. POWER TO PULSE RATE LED MOP MON OSC Dr-01558 VREF TCLK MP1 MP0 RATED Figure 1: Block diagram SPEC-0075 (REV. 2) 1/10 PRELIMINARY 16-01-01 SA2007M ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VDD = 2.5V, VSS = -2.5V, over the temperature range -10C to +70C#, unless otherwise specified.) Parameter Operating temp. Range Supply Voltage: Positive Supply Voltage: Negative Supply Current: Positive Supply Current: Negative Current Sensor Inputs (Differential) Input Current Range Voltage Sensor Input (Asymmetrical) Input Current Range Pin VREF Ref. Current Ref. Voltage Digital I/O Pins DIRO, LED, MON, MOP Output High Voltage Output Low Voltage Pins MP0, MP1, TCLK, RATED, SEL1, ELT Input High Voltage Input Low Voltage Pin RATED Pin scan current** Pins MP0, MP1, TCLK Pull down current VOH VOL VDD-1 VSS+1 V V IIV -IR VR -25 45 1.1 50 +25 55 1.3 A A V III -25 +25 A Symbol TO VDD VSS IDD ISS Min -25 2.25 -2.75 4.1 4.1 5.8 5.8 Typ Max +85 2.75 -2.25 8.2 8.2 Unit C V V mA mA sames Condition Peak value Peak value With R = 24kW connected to VSS Reference to VSS IOH = -2mA IOL = 5mA VIH VIL IIH -IIL IIH VDD-1 3.1 2 48 VSS+1 7 4.6 110 V V mA mA A VI = VDD VI = VSS VI = VDD #Extended Operating Temperature Range available on request. ** Switched to pin-scan mode every 1.1 seconds for 71s. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS* Parameter Supply Voltage Current on any pin Storage Temperature Operating Temperature Symbol VDD -VSS IPIN TSTG TO Min -0.3 -150 -40 -25 Max 6.0 +150 +125 +85 Unit V mA C C *Stresses above those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only. Functional operation of the device at these or any other condition above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification, is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Ratings for extended periods may affect device reliability. http://www.sames.co.za 2/10 PRELIMINARY SA2007M PIN DESCRIPTION PIN 20 8 Designation GND VDD Description sames Analog Ground. The voltage to this pin should be mid-way between VDD and VSS. Positive supply voltage. The voltage to this pin is typically +2.5V if a shunt resistor is used for current sensing or in the case of a current transformer a +5V supply can be applied. Negative supply voltage. The voltage to this pin is typically -2.5V if a shunt resistor is used for current sensing or in the case of a current transformer a 0V supply can be applied. The current into the A/D converter should be set at 14ARMS at nominal mains voltage. The voltage sense input saturates at an input current of 25A peak. Inputs for current sensor - channel 1 and channel 2. The shunt resistor voltage from each channel is converted to a current of 16ARMS at rated conditions. The current sense input saturates at an input current of 25A peak. This pin provides the connection for the reference current setting resistor. A 24kW resistor connected to VSS sets the optimum operating condition. Motor pulse rate select inputs. Described under Input Signals. Motor pulse outputs. These outputs can be used to drive an impulse counter or stepper motor directly. Calibration LED output. Refer to section Led Output (LED) for the pulse rate output options. Rated condition select input. Described under Input Signals. Current channel select output. This output indicates which channel is been used for kWh metering. Earth loop tamper output. This output indicates an earth loop tamper condition. Direction output. This output indicates the energy flow direction. No Connection. Test input. Connect to VSS for normal operation. 14 19 VSS IVP 1, 2, 3, 4 IIN1, IIP1 IIN2, IIP2 5 6, 7 9, 12 13 15 16 17 18 11 10 VREF MP0, MP1 MON, MOP LED RATED SEL1 ELT DIRO NC TCLK ORDERING INFORMATION IIN1 IIP1 IIN2 IIP2 VREF MP1 MP0 VDD MON TCLK 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 19 GND IVP Part Number SA2007MPA SA2007MSA Package DIP-20 SOIC-20 18 DIRO 17 ELT 16 15 SEL1 RATED 14 VSS 13 12 11 LED MOP NC DR-01595 Figure 2: Pin connections: Package: DIP-20, SOIC-20 http://www.sames.co.za 3/10 PRELIMINARY SA2007M FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The SA2007M is a CMOS mixed signal analog/digital integrated circuit, which performs power/energy calculations across a power range of 1000:1, to an overall accuracy of better than Class 1. The integrated circuit includes all the required functions for 1phase power and energy measurement such as oversampling A/D converters for the voltage and current sense inputs, power calculation and energy integration. Internal offsets are eliminated through the use of cancellation procedures. The SA2007M incorporates an anti-tamper scheme by continuously measuring the power consumption on both LIVE and NEUTRAL lines. A fault is indicated when these measurements differ by more than 12.5%. The SA2007M generates pulses with a frequency proportional to the larger of the two current measurements. The source (LIVE or NEUTRAL) for these pulses is indicated on the SEL1 pin. Frequency outputs (MOP, MON and LED) are available. The pulse rate on these pins follows the instantaneous active power consumption measured. A low voltage stepper may be driven directly from the device by connecting it between the MOP and MON pins, alternatively an impulse counter may be driven directly by connecting it between MOP and VSS. POWER CALCULATION In Figure 6, the voltage drops across the current transformers terminating resistors are converted to currents for each current sense input, by means of resistors R10 and R11 (channel 1) as well as R12 and R13. (channel 2). The current sense input saturates at an input current of 25A peak. The mains voltage (230VAC) is divided down through a divider to 14VRMS. The current into the A/D converter input is set at 14ARMS at nominal mains voltage, via resistor R7 (1MW). Different pulse rates are available at the MOP and MON pins. The device may be programmed for a 1 pulse/kWh, 10 pulses/kWh or 100 pulses/kWh output, depending on the status of the motor pulse rate select pins MP0 and MP1. The LED pulse rate is fixed at 6400 pulses per kWh. Rated conditions such as 230V/20A, 230V/40A and 230V/60A may be chosen with the rated pin. This facility allows meter manufacturers to cater for a wide range of metering applications with minimal design changes. IVP VOLTAGE SENSOR INPUT sames ANALOG INPUT CONFIGURATION The input circuitry of the current and voltage sensor inputs are illustrated below. These inputs are protected against electrostatic discharge through clamping diodes. The feedback loops from the outputs of the amplifiers AI and AV generate virtual shorts on the signal inputs. Exact duplications of the input currents are generated for the analog signal processing circuitry. ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE (ESD) PROTECTION The SA2007M integrated circuit's input's/outputs are protected against ESD. POWER CONSUMPTION The power consumption rating of the SA2007M integrated circuit is less than 30mW. V DD IIP CURRENT SENSOR INPUTS VSS VDD AI IIN VSS VDD V SS AV GND DR-01288 Figure 3: Analog input internal configuration http://www.sames.co.za 4/10 PRELIMINARY SA2007M INPUT SIGNALS VREF A bias resistor of 24kW sets optimum bias and reference conditions on chip. Calibration of the SA2007M should be done on the voltage input as described in Typical Application. sames OUTPUT SIGNALS Motor output (MOP, MON) The MON pulse will follow the MOP pulse within 142ms. This prevents that the motor armature is in the wrong position after a power failure. Both MOP and MON outputs are active high. The motor drive wave forms are shown below: VDD MOP VSS VDD Motor pulse rate select (MP1 and MP0) The pulse rate of the motor driver output of the SA2007M is selected by the inputs MP1 and MP0. Three pulses rate options are available as shown in the following table: Pulse rate selection Pulse Rate Selection Input MP1 VSS VSS VDD VDD MP0 VSS VDD VSS VDD Motor drive output selection 1 10 100 Device test mode MON Unit pulses/kWh pulses/kWh pulses/kWh VSS DR-01559 tm tm tm tm = 142ms Figure 4: Motor drive on MON and MOP pins LED output (LED) The LED output pulse at a fixed rate of 6400 pulses per kWh. The LED output is active low. The LED waveform is shown below: Please note that the device will not perform metering functions as described in this document while in test mode. Rated condition select (RATED) The rated condition select pin gives the option of having a 3:2:1 scaling ratio for the rated meter current. This feature is particularly useful in circumstances where a manufacturer requires a meter for use in a system rated for two different conditions, for example 230V/60A and 230V40A. With the rated condition select the SA2007M allow for the development of different rated meters requiring minimal changes. The following table below lists the option available (assuming the rated condition to be 230V/60A). LED VDD VSS DR-01332 tLED Figure 5: LED pulse output An integrated anti-creep function prevents any output pulses if the measured power is less than 0.02% of the meters rated current. Rated condition select (RATED) Signal Input RATED VSS OPEN VDD Rated Conditions 230V / 20A 230V / 40A 230V / 60A Selected input indicator (SEL1) The SA2007M continuously compares the power consumptions on current channel 1 inputs and current channel 2 inputs. The larger of the two measurements are used for metering. The SEL1 output pin indicates which channel is currently being used for the pulse output. Signal Output SEL 1 1 Channel 2 selected (IIN2/IIP2) Value 0 Description Channel 1 selected (IIN1/IIP1) Switching between channels will not be faster than once per second when both channels are balanced. http://www.sames.co.za 5/10 PRELIMINARY SA2007M Earth loop tamper indication (ELT) If the power measurements from both current channels differ by more than 12.5%, (indicating a earth loop tamper condition), the ELT output is set to zero. The SA2007M continues to generate output pulses from the larger of the two measured powers in this condition. The ELT output is active low. sames Direction indication (DIRO) The SA2007M provides information about the energy flow direction of both current channels on pin DIRO . A logic 1 on pin DIRO indicates reverse energy flow of both current channels. Reverse energy flow is defined as the condition where the voltage sense input and current sense input are out of phase (greater than 90 degrees). Positive energy flow, when voltage sense and both current sense input are in phase, is indicated on pin DIRO as a logic 0. The DIRO output will toggle between 1 and 0 a rate of 1Hz when one of the current channels measure positive energy and the other negative energy. This condition may occur with a improper installed or tampered meter. The DIRO pin may be used to drive a LED in order to indicate reverse energy. Signal Output Value 1 DIRO 0 1Hz Description Reverse energy flow Forward energy flow Out of phase current channels http://www.sames.co.za 6/10 PRELIMINARY SA2007M TYPICAL APPLICATION The analog (metering) interface described in this section is designed for measuring 230V/60A with precision better than Class 1. The most important external components for the SA2007M integrated circuit are the current sense resistors, the voltage sense resistors and the bias setting resistor. The resistors used in the metering section should be of the same type so temperature effects are minimized. Current Input IIN1, IIP1, IIN2, IIP2 Two current transformers are used to measure the current in the live and neutral phases. The output of the current transformer is terminated with a low impedance resistor. The voltage drop across the termination resistor is converted to a current that is fed to the differential current inputs of the SA2007M. CT Termination Resistor The voltage drop across the CT termination resistor at rated current should be at least 20mV. The CT have low phase shift s and a ratio of 1:2500. The CT is terminated with a 3.6W resistor giving a voltage drop of 86.4mV across the termination resistor at rated conditions (Imax for the meter). The termination resistor on the second current channel is adjustable by means of P2 to facilitate channel equalization calibration. The termination resistor is chosen so that a 10W trimpot in parallel will provide a sufficient channel range. Current Sensor Input Resistors The resistors R10, R11 and R12, R13 define the current level into the current sense inputs of the SA2007M. The resistor values are selected for an input current of 16A on the current inputs of the SA2007M at rated conditions. For a 60A meter at 2500:1 CT the resistor values are calculated as follows: R10 = R11 = ( IL / 16A ) x RSH / 2 = 60A / 2500 / 16A x 3.6W / 2 = 2.7kW IL = Line current RSH = CT Termination resistor 2500 = CT ratio The two current channels are identical so R10 = R11 = R12 = R13. Voltage Input IVP The voltage input of the SA2007M (IVP) is driven with a current of 14A at nominal mains voltage. The voltage input saturates sames at approximately 17A. At a nominal voltage current of 14A allows for 20% overdriving. The mains voltage is divided with a voltage divider to 14V that is fed to the voltage input pins via a 1MW resistor. Voltage Divider The voltage divider is calculated for a voltage drop of 14V. Equations for the voltage divider are: RA = R1 + R2 + R3 RB = R7 || (R5 + P1) A 5k trimpot will be used in the voltage channel for meter calibration. The center position on the pot is used in the calibration P1 = 2.5kW. Combining the two equations gives: ( RA + RB ) / 230V = RB / 14V Values for resistors R5 = 22kW, P1 = 2.5kW and R7 = 1M W is chosen. Substituting the values result in: RB = 23.9kW RA = RB x ( 230V / 14V - 1 ) RA = 369kW. Standard resistor values of R1, R2 and R3 are chosen to be 120kW, 120kW and 130kW. The capacitor C1 is used to compensate for phase shift between the voltage sense inputs and the current sense inputs of the device, in cases where CTs with phase errors are used. The phase shift caused by the CT may be corrected by inserting a capacitor in the voltage divider circuit. To compensate for a phase shift of 0.18 degrees the capacitor value is calculated as follows: C = 1 / (2 x p x Mains frequency x R5 x tan (Phase shift angle)) C = 1 / ( 2 x p x 50 x 1MW x tan (0.18 degrees )) C = 1.013F Reference Voltage Bias resistor R6 defines all on chip and reference currents. With R6 = 24kW optimum conditions are set. Device calibration is done on the voltage input of the device. http://www.sames.co.za 7/10 PRELIMINARY LIVE L R4 T1 TZ1 D1 D3 GND 2 http://www.sames.co.za SA2007M NEUTRAL 1 U1 Vin Vout 3 VDD R18 C2 GND p s + C5 + C6 R19 P1 C3 D2 GND D4 Figure 6: Typical application circuit R5 VSS R1 R2 R3 14V C1 LED2 CT2 R8 R10 R11 CT1 R9 P2 R12 R13 U2 1 2 3 4 5 6 R6 7 8 C4 LIVE NEUTRAL 9 10 VSS IIN1 IIP1 IIN2 IIP2 VREF MP1 MP0 VDD MON TCLK dr-01597 VSS LED3 VDD LED1 LED4 8/10 PRELIMINARY R7 GND IVP DIRO ELT SEL1 RATED VSS LED MOP 20 19 18 17 16 VDD 15 14 13 12 11 CNT1 VSS R14 R15 R16 R17 6 5 4 3 2 1 .1 sames sames SA2007M Parts List for Application Circuit: Figure 6 Item 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 Symbol U2 D1 D2 D3 D4 LED1 LED2 LED3 LED4 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 R14 R15 R16 R17 R18 R19 P1 P2 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 CT1 CT2 T1 U1 CNT1 TZ1 Description SA2007M Diode, Silicon 1N4148 Diode, Silicon 1N4148 Diode, Silicon 1N4148 Diode, Silicon 1N4148 Light emitting diode, Amber Light emitting diode, Green Light emitting diode, Red Light emitting diode, Green Resistor, 120k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 120k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 130k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 10W, 2W, Wire wound Resistor, 24k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 22k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 1M, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 1k, 1/4W, 5% Resistor, 1k, 1/4W, 5% Resistor, 1k, 1/4W, 5% Resistor, 1k, 1/4W, 5% Resistor, 1k, 1/4W, 5%, metal Resistor, 1k, 1/4W, 5%, metal Multi-turn, Trim pot, 10k Multi-turn, Trim pot, 10W Capacitor Capacitor, 220nF Capacitor, 220nF Capacitor, 820nF Capacitor, 2200F, 25V, electrolytic Capacitor, 100F, 16V, electrolytic Current Transformer Current Transformer Transformer, 230V/9V 78LC05, Voltage regulator Bipolar step motor 400V, Metal oxide varistor sames Detail DIP-20/SOIC-20 or Similar or Similar or Similar or Similar Note 2 Note 2 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 2 Note 4 Note 3 Note 1: Resistor (R10, R11, R12 and R13) values are dependent upon the selected value of R8 and R9 Note 2: See TYPICAL APPLICATION when selected the value of R8 and R9. Note 3: Capacitor (C4) to be positioned as closed to Supply Pins (VDD & VSS) of U-1, as possible. Note 4: Capacitor (C1) selected to minimize phase error introduced by current transformer (typically 1.5F for normal CTs) http://www.sames.co.za 9/10 PRELIMINARY SA2007P PM9607AP DISCLAIMER: sames The information contained in this document is confidential and proprietary to South African Micro-Electronic Systems (Pty) Ltd ("SAMES") and may not be copied or disclosed to a third party, in whole or in part, without the express written consent of SAMES. The information contained herein is current as of the date of publication; however, delivery of this document shall not under any circumstances create any implication that the information contained herein is correct as of any time subsequent to such date. SAMES does not undertake to inform any recipient of this document of any changes in the information contained herein, and SAMES expressly reserves the right to make changes in such information, without notification, even if such changes would render information contained herein inaccurate or incomplete. SAMES makes no representation or warranty that any circuit designed by reference to the information contained herein, will function without errors and as intended by the designer. Any sales or technical questions may be posted to our e-mail address below: energy@sames.co.za For the latest updates on datasheets, please visit our web site: http://www.sames.co.za. SOUTH AFRICAN MICRO-ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS DIVISION OF LABAT TECHNOLOGIES (PTY) LTD Tel: (012) 333-6021 Tel: Int +27 12 333-6021 Fax: (012) 333-8071 Fax: Int +27 12 333-8071 P O BOX 15888 33 ELAND STREET LYNN EAST 0039 REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA 33 ELAND STREET KOEDOESPOORT INDUSTRIAL AREA PRETORIA REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA http://www.sames.co.za 10/10 PRELIMINARY |
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